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• Heat pumps
• Electric heaters

 

According to the US Energy Information Administration’s Residential Energy Consumption Survey, about half of Texas homes use electricity as a heating source. Natural gas is used to heat only about 42 percent of Texas homes.

 

Heat pumps use the heat generated by the compressor located inside of your outdoor system, this heat gets transferred by a valve that reverses the refrigerant cycle, so instead of removing heat from your house like in cooling mode, it puts it in. An easy way to see how this works is by feeling the air that comes out from the top of your outdoor system, in the cooling season, the air is about 10 degrees warmer than the ambient temperature and in the heating season the air  is about 10 degrees colder than the ambient temperature.

 

Ice Around Your Heat pump

During the heating season you might see ice around the coil of your outdoor system, this happens usually when the temperature outside drops below 42-45 degrees and there is enough moisture in the air to produce ice. While your heat pump is running in heat mode, the outside air is used as part of the refrigerant cycle since it helps convert liquid refrigerant into a gas as it goes through the outdoor coil, that's the purpose of the top condenser fan motor, to move air across the coil. In this case, the air coming from the top is at least 10 degrees colder than the air going in through the sides.

So if we are at 42 degrees outside the temperature of the air going through the outside coil is about 32 degrees or lower and that is when ice starts to build around your system.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Defrost Cycle

Your heat pump comes with a built in defrost cycle that is triggered by an outdoor sensor, runtime and a coil temperature sensor, if the system detects that a defrost cycle is needed you will see this happen:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trane:

• The outdoor system will turn off.
• You will hear a switchover valve (sounds like something releasing pressure).
• The outdoor system will come back on with exception of the top fan, it will run anywhere from 1 minute up to approx. 10 minutes. The compressor will sound a little louder than usual, that is completely normal because the compressor is building up heat as it runs without the top fan to defrost the outdoor coil. At this point, you might see condensation around the system.
• During the defrost cycle you might see EM heat or Aux Heat displayed on your thermostat, that is an indication that your "electric back up heater" is on to keep your home warm during the defrost cycle.
• Once the defrost cycle is done, the condenser will turn off, the valve will switch over again and the system will come back on, this time with the top fan on. At this point you might see vapor coming out from the top of the system, that is completely normal.
• Once the defrost cycle is done, the system will resume normal operation.

 

Other brands:

• The same steps above apply with the exception of the system turning off while the valve switches over. Trane incorporated that feature to make the defrost cycle quieter. Other brands are adding that as an option that can be turned on by a certified technician.

Before the defrost cycle

During the defrost cycle

During the defrost cycle